Why hand-dug wells should only be dug in a specific period of the year, corresponding to low aquifer level?
From a technical point of view, hand-dug well drying is often due to the fact that the pumping system does not draw deeply enough or that the well itself has not been dug enough. This is typically the case of structures dug outside of the low water level period, so the bottom of the column dries up with the movement of the water table during the dry season.
An analysis of 29 consecutive months records, collected to measure the variations of the water table level in relation with the rainfall evolution, clearly illustrated the importance of timing the sinking of a well to correspond to low aquifer levels.
www.interaide.org/pratiques/sites/default/files/wells_drying.pdf